Floor or wall tile.



3 SHEBTSSHBET 1.

'PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903.

L L. R. BLAGKMORB. FLOOR 0R WALL TILE, APPLIOATLON 111,111) 1111111 11. 1902.

QI QQJQINZ PIIIBIUEJ IQIEJII NO'MODEL.

bio. 781,158.

PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. L. R. BLAOKMORE. FLOOR 0R WALL TILE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 11, 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

WWW-F Y Y JJMJJ QJJJH $4 if) m M No. 7313158. PATENTED JUNE 16, 1903. L. R. BLAGKMORE.

FLOOR 0B. WALL TILE.

. APPLIOATIQN FILED JUNE 11. 1902. I 10 MODEL. -3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES Pa.tented June 1Q, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

- LAWRENCE RPBLACKMORE, .OF ARLINGTON,NEW JERSEY.

FLOOR OR WALL TILE...

srncmrennon forming, part of Letters Patent No. reuse, and June-16, 1903.

Application filed June 11, 1902.

To all whom. it may concern: Be it known thatjI, LAWRENC R. BLACK- MORE, a subject of the King of Great Britain,-

residing at 101 Pleasant Place, Arlington,

county of Hudson, and State of New Jersey, have'invented certain new and useful Im-. provements in Floor or Vell Tiles, fully de-' scribed and represented inthie following specification and the accompanying drawings,

forming apart of the same. The tile claimed herein is designed particularly-for facing walls, ceilings, and other parts .ofapartments-where hygienic conditions must be carefully maintained and where the reflection of light is important, as in tunnels, sub-- ways,icell'ars, cold-storage vaults, refrigerators, and Similar apartments.

The tile is formed of molded glass to secure the desired'hygienic conditions, as the surface .of such tiles does notcraze or crack-like the glazing npon porcelain tiles,- and therefore presents a permanent resisting surface to dampness, vapors, grease, and all other sub stances liable to foul the tile and pollute the atmosphere. v

. The construction relates to that class of tiles 7 whichis formed with intersecting ribs upon. the back or parallel rows of recessed chain-- bers' and is preferably formed with marginal ribsalong its edges; and the invention consists in 'an'improvedform of rib to interlock Iwith the cement without materially diminish:

ing the receiving capacity of the chambers and partly int-he use of corresponding perforations through the marginal ribs to inter. lock with the cement when bedded therein and to form connecting-studs between adjajcent tiles.

he details .of construction will be under-- stood, by reference torthe annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows the rear side of a tile with rows of chambers having'an initial square form 'and one edge of each chamber bent.

Figlz'lis an edge view of the tile shown in, Fig.1.

- Fig. 3 shows the rear side of a tile with rows of ehambers having an initial cylindrical form and the outer edges bent. Fig. 4 is a section through the centers of a row of the chambers shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a section line on line 5 5 in Fig. (3. Fig. G'shows Serial No. 11].,091. No modelh I the rear side of a tile with intersecting. ribs forming row of initial chambers with the chambers in the adjacent rows 11. ving their sidesreversely bent. Fig.7 shows the rear side of a tile with intersecting ribs and split studs upon the back with two of such studs upset. Fi Sis a cross-section on line 8 Sin Fig Y an Fig. 9 shows. part of a wall in section, with tiles similar to those inthe preceding. figures. Fig. 10 is'a'section on line 10 10in- Fig.'11. Fig. 11 shows the outer sidev of two tiles having buttons upon the face and cement inserted between aportion of the buttons. Fig. 12 shows the outer side of an octagon tile having a button "upon its face, and Fig. 13 is a cross-section of the same.-

In Figs. 1 to 4; inclusive, a designates the front plate of the tile, the front side of which bers. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, portions of the ribs form six parallel rows of circular chambers, which are primarily made cylin- .dri'cal to be readily molded, and the edge of the rib is then bent while hot and soft to contract or expand the mouth of the chamber- Each row contains six chambers, which are connected by integral ribs (Z about half the height of the chambers; Three rows of the chambers areshown with the edges of the rib tipped inwardly, thus contracting the mouth of the chamber, while the other three rows 'are shown with the edge of the rib tipped out-' wardly, thus making the chamber funnelshaped. Only the outer half of the rib is:

tipped, leaving the portion'cylindrical which is nextthe tile-plate. The chambers and the I'lbSlZ form continuous projections extending across the back of the tile in both directions and strengthening it very materially.

' In Figs. 5 and G marginal ribs 1) are projected from the back of the tile and interscctin g ribs 1 shown in Fig. 5.

(5 certain of the ribs upon the tile are tipped.

in opposite directions, so as to positively interlock with the cement and render the displacement of the tile impossible without breaking the cement. To make the interlocking of the tile still more effective, the marginal ribs b maybe formed upon the tile, as shown in Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, with holes e, visible only from the edges of the tile, as

ings 6 extends into each of the marginal chambers and the openings are thus in'correspon'ding positions upon all the diiferent sides of the tile, so that whichever sides may be placed adjacent when set in the wall the openings will be opposite to one another and the cement will extend from one opening to the other and connect the interiors of two adjacent chambers with a solid stud of cement. The plate a is projected at each edge of the tile slightly beyond the marginal rib, so that when thetiles are set together, asshown in Fig. 9, a small interspace is formed in, which the cement presses and attaches theedges of the tiles together and from which spacethe cement extends into the opposed rows of holes 2. The bending of the edges of the ribs and the connecting of the recessed chambers upon adjacent tiles by the cement studs in the holes do 2, B to a tile like-that shown in Fig. 3, C to a them without breaking a great is of very great value, as it looks the .tiles together and to the wall with the utmost firmness and renders it impossible to displace portion of the cement. t Figs. 7 and 8 show a slight modification of the means for locking the ribs to the cement,

consisting of studs f, formed at the intersection of the ribs 1) and split upon the end, as shown upon two of the studs, to form tongues f which when hot may be readily bent down or upset, as shown, upon the other two studs in Figs. 7 and 8. When thus bent, the tongues f are undercut or adapted To interlock with the cement which enters the four chambers adjacent to the stud.

Fig. 9 shows the operation of the various devices when the tiles are set in a wall, g showing the walljoists, h a metal lath thereon,

and i the cement in which theribs of the-tile are bedded.

A is applied to a tile like that shown in Fig.

' tile like that shown in Fig. 7, and D to a tile like that shown in Fig. 6.

With the tile as shown in Fig. 6 the space in the chambers is not contracted excepting at one end of each row, while with the'other One of the marginal opcnconstructions the edges only of the tile are bent and the capacity of the chambers is slightly affected, while the bent edge of the tile is interlocked firmly with the cement.

For lining apartments where light is de-J sired the reflection of the light is materially increased by forming the tile of translucent glass, with any of the numerous integral projections described above upon its rear side, as such projections are not only adapted to penetrate and engage the wall cement, but to reflect light through the plate, which increases its illuminating properties.

Where the tile is applied to covering floors, a mosaic eifect is readily produced by forming integral buttons or projections of uniform height upon the top or frontside of the tileplate, with intermediate channels to receive cement or plastic substance of a fdiiferent color from the said buttons. Tiles tofgproduce such efiect are shown in Figs. 10 to 1:3, inclusive, the integral buttons is being disposed;- with interspacesl to receive thediflerentlycolored cement. I by the parallel lines m at the ends of the tiles shown in Fig. 11, which serve to darken the interspaces and the joint between'the tiles to contrast with the surfaces of the adjacent buttons. The buttons being of circular form and arranged alternately in adjacent rows, their edges slightly interlock or penetrate, forming interlocking rows or projections and interspaces. The margins ofthe tile-plates a are shown in Fig. 11 suitably indented to. form joints between the several projections,- so that when a plurality of such-tiles is laid with the edges contiguous the projections may alternate in the requiredmannerl Figs. 12 and13 show the tile with a single chamber upon the back and a single circular projection upon the front, such projection .having a diameter a little smaller than the octagonal plate a, with which it is integral.

A series of such tiles may be laid contiguous when such tiles are laid, the projection of the plates'a at the several edges of the abutments is producingthe required 'interspaces, in which cement may be. inserted to produce the mosaic eifect. The cement completely covers the joints m between the tiles when constructed and laid in this marme'gfas shown] in Fig. 11, and thus produces a-Jclcseimita tion of mosaic work. Thetile formed with the projections upon the front, asshown in Fig. 10, is provided with the chambers upon "the back having walls inclined Jr-upset to in-,

terlock positively with-the cemenn, The formation of the ribs; upon back into separaterecessed chambersipcrmit's the tile. to be readily out upon lines of; .di-

vision between the chambers and provides each of such cut sections with one'f or mpreot the chambers adapted fully to lockwitlr-the .celnent upon the wall bymeans fof theibent rib or the hole e, formed throughtherib. Tiles having rows of recessed chambers upon Such cement is indicated 0 IIO the back can thusbe used to great advantage informing mosaic flooring or wall-patterns,

I as 'tiles of difierent colors may be formed with such recessed chambers and then divided into sections'which may be used in combination with sections of diiferent colors to form the desired pattern. 4

In Fig. 1 dotted lines marked j are placed upon one corner of the tile to indicate the lines where the plate a may be readily divided, and as there is no connection between the ribs which form the chambers the plate a is thus readily cut by a diamond and broken into sections of the desired size. Such sections may include any multiple of such recessed chambers, so as to form sections of various sizes from the same 'tile.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what is claimed herein is-.

1'. The moldedglass wall-tile herein described, having upon the back integral pro jecting ribs forming rows of recessed chambers, the walls of various chambers being inclined or upset in reverse directions to interlock positively with the cement when bedded therein.

' 2. The moldedglass wall-tile herein described, having upon the back integral pro jecting ribs forming rows of recessed chambers, the walls of various chambers being inclined or upset in reverse directions and the tile having a marginal rib with perforations adapted to interlock with the cement when bedded'therein.

3. The' molded-glass wall-tileherein described, having upon the back integral projecting ribs forming rows of recessed chambers, the Walls of various chambers being inclined or upset in reverse directions, and the tile having marginal ribs upon its edgeswith corresponding perforations therein, adapted to interlock with the cement when bedded therein and to form a tie between the adjacent tiles.

5 4. The molded-glass wall-tile having upon the back integral projecting ribs forming rows of recessed chambers, the walls of the chambers being bent at their outer edges only and adapted to interlock with the cement when bedded therein. 7

5. -A molded-glass tile having an integral projecting rib around the margin upon the back with perforations to interlock with the cement, and intersecting ribs having their outer edges only bent, and in reverse direc- 5 5' tions, to interlock with the cement.

(5. A molded translucentglass wall-tile with front plate having upon the'back numerous integral projections to penetrate the walhcement and adapted to reflect light through the plate, and having upon its several edges a marginal flange with similarly-disposed perforations adapted to interlock with the cement and to form connecting-studs between adjacent tiles.

7. Amolded glasstile having uponthe back parallel intersecting rows ofseparated recessed chamberswhereby the tile may be divided upon the various lines between the chambers.

8. Amolded-glass tilehaving uponthe back integral projecting ribs forming recessed chambers with the walls of the chambers inclined or upset to interlock positively 71131133116 cement when bedded therein, and the front of the tile having mosaic projections and inter- 7 spaces, as and for the purpose set forth.

9. Amolded-glass tile having upon the back integral projecting ribs forming recessed chambers with the walls of the chambers inclined or upset to interlock positively with the cement when bedded therein, and the front of the tile having interlocking rows of mosaic projections and interspaces, as and for the purpose set forth. v

10. A series of molded tiles laid contiguous, each having upon the front a series of mosaic projections and interspaces, and cement secured in such interspaces, of color to contrast with the said projections and thereby produce a mosaic effect.

11. A series of molded tiles laid contiguous, each having upon the front a series of mosaic projections and interspaces, and also interspaces covering the joints of the tiles, and

cement secured in all of such interspaces of color to contrast with the said projections, whereby the cement entirely conceals the joints of the tiles and an unbroken mosaic effect is produced.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence to two subscribing witnesses.

LAWRENCE R. BLAoKMoRn.

Vitnesses:

I1. THOMAS S. CRANE.

IOO 

